JOSEPH ḤAYYIM BEN ELIJAH AL-ḤAKAM
- JOSEPH ḤAYYIM BEN ELIJAH AL-ḤAKAM
- JOSEPH ḤAYYIM BEN ELIJAH AL-ḤAKAM (1833 or 1835–1909),
baghdad rabbi. He was the son of Elijah al-Ḥakam and the father of
Jacob al-Ḥakam (see Al-Ḥakam ). Born in Baghdad, he studied with
his maternal uncle, David Ḥai b. Meir. In 1848 he began to study under
abdallah somekh . He succeeded his father (1859) as preacher, a
post he held until his death. In 1869 he visited Ereẓ Israel. In 1876
Jacob Obermeier of vienna , who had come to Baghdad to teach
French, insulted Joseph Ḥayyim. The community excommunicated him and
compelled him to request the rabbi's pardon. Al-Ḥakam was renowned as a
great halakhic authority who instituted many takkanot. He
wrote some 60 works on all aspects of Torah, only a few of which have
been published. He is best known for his Ben Ish Ḥai (1898),
homilies blended with halakhah and Kabbalah. This work
achieved immense popularity, particularly in Oriental communities, where
it is studied extensively and has gone through many editions. His other
published works include Ben Yehoyada (1898–1904), five
volumes of commentaries to the aggadic portions of the Babylonian Talmud
and Rav Pe'alim (1901–12), responsa. He wrote approximately
200 piyyutim and pizmonim, about 50 of which are
incorporated in the liturgy of Baghdad Jewry; the rest are still in
manuscript.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
A. Ben-Jacob, Yehudei Bavel, index; D.J. Sassoon,
History of Jews in Baghdad (1969), index.
(Abraham David)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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